Role and Mandate of National Courts

EU Powers under External Pressure - findings

Where the EU is a party to an international agreement together with its Member States, the Member States are bound by the Court of Justice’s interpretation of their international law obligations.

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This is a relevant limitation on their choice of how to comply with international law, including where rights are conferred on individuals and need to be procedurally ensured. It allows citizens to control their Member State’s compliance with international obligations through EU law and potentially through a preliminary reference to the EU judiciary. This can make EU law a vehicle to enforce international law.

Role and Mandate of National Courts

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